Canadian Health Information Management Association Practice Exam

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Which of the following best describes a cohort study?

A study examining data at one point in time.
A study comparing individuals over a period of time.
A study manipulating independent variables.
A study focusing on a single individual.

The correct answer is: A study comparing individuals over a period of time.

A cohort study is best described as a study that compares individuals over a period of time. In epidemiology and health research, this type of study follows a group of individuals, known as a cohort, who share common characteristics or experiences within a defined time frame. Researchers observe these individuals to assess how certain exposures affect specific outcomes or health indicators over time. This longitudinal approach allows for the examination of trends, causal relationships, and the impact of variables on health outcomes, providing richer and more dynamic data than studies that only assess a single point in time or focus on isolated subjects.